The speed of the green steel build-out may be likened to the advent of solar photovoltaic power. Solar power formed an increasing part of the world’s energy mix since its widespread introduction in the 1980s. However, although solar’s share of the global electricity mix has been steadily increasing, coal demand has not decreased. This is because the absolute size of the global electricity market increased, resulting in an increase in absolute coal demand. In a similar vein, the realisation of green steel is expected to be a development that unfolds over many decades. Both green steel and blast furnace capacity is expected to grow, and although blast furnace operations’ share of the industry will undergo a decline, actual output from blast furnaces will grow.   The Challenges